Those foreign nationals who are afraid of being victims of persecution due to race, religion, nationality, or because of belonging to a particular social group, being of a political opinion or gender and flee their country of origin or the country where they usually reside may request asylum and refuge in Spain.

Similarly, people who are not considered nationals by any state, in accordance with legislation, can apply for the recognition of their statelessness status.

The asylum and refuge permit is handled by the National Police.